Webb Space Telescope captures stunning shots of Ring Nebula

The James Webb Space Telescope has captured stunning new images of the Ring Nebula.

The images were released Thursday by an international team of astronomers, including three from the Canadian Western University’s Institute for Earth and Space Exploration. 

The snapshots show the planetary nebula in the constellation Lyra in unprecedented detail.

In addition to the main ring, halo and the interior filled with hot gas, the star that ejected the material is visible at the center. 

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The main ring is surrounded by a faint halo and with many delicate structures. The interior of the ring is filled with hot gas. The star which ejected all this material is visible at the very center. It is extremely hot, with a temperature in excess of 100,000 degrees. The nebula was ejected only about 4,000 years ago. (NASA, ESA, CSA, JWST Ring Nebula Team photo; image processing by Roger Wesson)

The nebula was ejected only about 4,000 years ago, researchers say. 

“The James Webb Space Telescope has provided us with an extraordinary view of the Ring Nebula that we’ve never seen before. The high-resolution images not only showcase the intricate details of the nebula’s expanding shell but also reveal the inner region around the central white dwarf in exquisite clarity,” Mike Barlow, a University College London physics and astronomy emeritus professor and co-lead scientist of the JWST Ring Nebula Imaging Project, said in a statement.

Barlow said astronomers can use the Ring Nebula to study how planetary nebulae form and evolve. 

The full field of view imaged with NIRCam, with boxes to indicate the locations of fields. Region A shows the central star; region B highlights the thousands of dense clumps in the main ring; region C shows the radial “stripes” which appear in the outer halo; and region D shows wisps of gas still further out. (NASA, ESA, CSA, JWST Ring Nebula Team photo; image processing by Roger Wesson)

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“We are witnessing the final chapters of a star’s life, a preview of the sun’s distant future so to speak, and JWST’s observations have opened a new window into understanding these awe-inspiring cosmic events,” he said. 

Located approximately 2,600 light-years from Earth, the nebula was born from a dying star that expelled its outer layers into space. 

The James Webb Space Telescope during assembly at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. (Alex Wong/Getty Images)

Western University astrophysicist Jan Cami notes that the variety of shapes and patterns for nebulae is due to the “complex interplay of physical processes not well understood yet.”

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Radiation from the center star lights up these layers, and chemical elements in the nebula emit light of specific colors, allowing researchers to study the objects’ chemical evolution.

“These images hold more than just aesthetic appeal; they provide a wealth of scientific insights into the processes of stellar evolution. By studying the Ring Nebula with JWST, we hope to gain a deeper understanding of the life cycles of stars and the elements they release into the cosmos,” Nick Cox, an ACRI-ST member and co-lead scientist of the JWST Ring Nebula Imaging Project, said.